撕裂人
一「指」爆红：斩获千万流量，这个WNBA球员只用了22秒_我的网站
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文 | 陶欣月只靠轻轻一指，一个来自WNBA的球员就成了近期互联网梗图、表情包的常驻嘉宾。
。As government scrutiny and even some statewide TikTok bans trickle in, concerns about the app’s impact on youth mental health are often repeated. Among the concerned are the bereft parents of a teen who killed himself last year, reportedly after seeing self-harm content on TikTok.
While states and some organizations decide whether TikTok poses enough danger to warrant a ban, I want to sound the alarm about an online mental health risk that’s even more chronic and not limited to TikTok: an epidemic of self-diagnosis, fueled by social media, that’s leading to improper treatment, missed treatment and the trivialization of serious mental health conditions.
If there’s a silver lining to the COVID-era mental health crisis, it’s that people seem more willing than ever to talk about mental health struggles with friends, with colleagues and sometimes to the whole world online. Even better, they’re willing to get help. The percentage of adults aged 18 to 44 seeking mental health treatment rose significantly during the first years of the pandemic, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
If you spend any time online, you can’t miss the new candor about mental health conditions. TikTok and Instagram influencers share their struggles and diagnoses on camera. In recent years, executives on LinkedIn have shared photos of antidepressant medication with the hashtag #PostYourPill. Actor-singer-beauty mogul Selena Gomez launched an entire content platform focused on “mental fitness.” Conditions such as anxiety disorder, ADHD and OCD are not only being de-stigmatized, in some contexts, they’re trending.
Open discussion of mental health is undoubtedly a good thing when it eradicates shame, results in people feeling less alone or motivates somebody to seek needed professional care. But in this new era of openness, we risk oversimplification and even trivialization of complex medical conditions, increasing the risk of overtreatment for some, undertreatment for others and overall mistreatment of people exposed to a cacophony of mental health conversations online but lacking access to balanced, authoritative information and quality clinical care.
Let’s say a young woman perusing TikTok sees an influencer sharing that he has attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, then – thanks to social media algorithms – over the next week, more ADHD-related content appears in the young woman’s feed. Some of the symptoms feel relatable, so she does a YouTube search on ADHD. After watching a few of the thousands of videos on the topic, she decides that she herself has ADHD.
This is not unusual. Some therapists at Talkspace, where I serve as the chief medical officer, report they have clients coming to sessions with more complex or specific self-diagnoses. Whereas a client might have said, “I think I’m depressed,” a few years ago, now more are saying, “I think I have borderline personality disorder” or “I think I’m on the autism spectrum.”
Such self-diagnosis can be dangerous. When a social media user becomes convinced that they have a mental health disorder, it can lead them to seek inappropriate treatments. They may announce their self-diagnosis to a primary care provider who doesn’t have sufficient mental health expertise to appropriately evaluate the presenting symptoms. Or the patient may wind up using a telehealth provider to get a prescription medication that’s not helpful or is dangerous. In the case of the hypothetical young woman above, she’d likely be seeing ads for ADHD-focused telehealth prescribers within days, if not minutes, of initially engaging with ADHD influencers.
Diagnosing a mental health disorder isn’t as simple as checking off a list of symptoms. Many healthy people experience symptoms of a mental health condition, but the true measure of whether those symptoms merit a diagnosis and treatment is whether they impair the individual’s ability to function. That determination requires working with a licensed mental health professional to evaluate the frequency, intensity, severity and specificity of those symptoms, and understand them within the broader context of life events, stressors and family history.
A “reel” diagnosis needs a real-life one
To address the “TikTok effect” and stop the dangers of self-diagnosis, mental health professionals must meet people where they are: online and actively searching for answers, inadvertently creating a curated feed.
Social media companies and other platforms with user-generated content have a responsibility to create guardrails that ensure clinically-vetted and accurate information is within reach of anybody seeking content about mental health conditions.
For example, if you enter the search terms “depression” or “suicide” into Instagram, you’re offered a list of mental health resources. However, searches related to specific conditions like OCD, ADHD and Tourette’s link directly to memes and user-generated videos of (to put it generously) mixed quality. Since the start of the pandemic, we’ve seen how quickly social platforms could flag content related to COVID or vaccines and direct people to CDC information on those topics. Therefore, it does not seem unreasonable to expect the same for content around sensitive mental health topics.
When somebody hears about a condition online and believes, correctly or not, that it affects them, they are more likely to feel worried, triggered or even distraught. Thankfully, that same technology can quickly link them with mental health care without stigma or stress and allow them to find real answers under a professional’s guidance – if they land at a responsible, high-quality source of tele-mental health. We recently revamped our own site to provide clinical insights from a dedicated team of licensed, practicing clinicians to add dimension to the spectrum between experiencing symptoms and having a condition.
Unfortunately, some telehealth services are all too quick to prescribe medications, including controlled substances, based solely on answers to online questions. At Talkspace, I am personally committed to our policy of not prescribing controlled substances online. When our board-certified psychiatrists and psychiatric nurse practitioners do prescribe medication, it is only after live video consultations and a comprehensive psychiatric evaluation.
Because mental health conditions are so much more complex than what can be captured by a checklist of symptoms, I’m wary of any company that prescribes without live consultations. When digital health companies feed into the misconception that everyone with depressive symptoms is clinically depressed or anyone who’s easily distracted has ADHD, they risk hurting more people than they help.
At a time when it’s all too easy for both the worried well and people with serious mental health conditions to self-diagnose online, it’s imperative that both social media and digital health companies do everything possible to direct vulnerable audiences to trustworthy information and comprehensive, ethical care.
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二 | 每当有网友想要「小发雷霆」时，就派出她作为自己的首席「代指」人。
三 | 这个动作，第一次出圈是在6月22日的WNBA赛场。不妨直接看现场原图：那天，印第安纳狂热以86-77击败菲尼克斯水星。第四节，凯特琳·克拉克（Caitlin Clark）和德万娜·邦纳（DeWanna Bonner）因激烈的身体对抗而发生冲突，克拉克队友索菲·坎宁安（Sophie Cunningham）很快走了上来，直接站出来和邦纳正面对上。
四 | 接下来，坎宁安和邦纳两个人互相指向对方，紧张的局势随后被队友拉开。
五 | 但坎宁安一边被往回带，一边继续面无表情伸手指着邦纳，持续了22秒。这不是坎宁安第一次在克拉克卷入身体对抗后站出来。2025年，克拉克在和杰西·谢尔顿（Jacy Sheldon）发生冲突后，坎宁安就曾用一次被许多球迷视为「替队友出头」的强硬犯规，被开玩笑称为「保镖」。本来是再寻常不过的维护队友行为，但这次不同——因为这一指，坎宁安彻底出圈了。先是铺天盖地的动图、评论，再是网友们各种形式的二创，甚至在近期拉斯维加斯UFC 329现场，坎宁安被邀请到现场复刻这个经典画面。
六 | 图源：坎宁安社媒一个简单的伸手指人动作，为什么会在不到三周时间里一路火到篮球场之外，变成谁都认识的网络梗？首先便是这个动作足够直白。
七 | 比起推搡、拉拽，或者难以听清的口角，伸手指人几乎没有理解门槛。它足够简单，也足够明确。
八 | 你不需要知道前因后果，就能瞬间感知那种不满的情绪。
九 | 正因如此，它很容易脱离比赛，被复制到体育、娱乐甚至日常生活，成为一种可以不断套用的情绪表达模板。除了易于理解和传播之外，指人动作的爆红的另一大重要原因还在于它恰好发生在凯特琳·克拉克身边。过去一年，克拉克不只是狂热队的核心，也成了整个WNBA流量、讨论中心之一。在比赛的收视率、讨论度都因她而大涨的同时，围绕她的人更容易进入公众视野，她的队友坎宁安就是典型例子。然而，当人们关注重心从「看球」持续倾斜向「看球员」时，WNBA的舆论生态也发生着巨大变化。
十 | 直观现象便是，以知名球星为中心，球员在场上会被球迷简单划分自己人或对面的人。球场上的争端，本该由裁判和规则解决，留在场内。但在这种二元生态下，质疑、歧视甚至是仇恨，都有可能蔓延至赛场之外。
十一 | 近日，水星队队员阿丽莎·托马斯（Alyssa Thomas）就因另一个与克拉克相关的争议动作，在赛后还接连收到带有种族歧视言论以及威胁家人生命安全的短信。比赛中阿丽莎因为这个动作受到了处罚克拉克和狂热主教练斯蒂芬妮·怀特（Stephanie White）都先后谴责了这种越过比赛本身的人身攻击和生命威胁。
十二 | 联盟随后也重申，任何形式的仇恨和骚扰都不可接受，并再次强调对球员的保护措施。无论是为队友站出来的保护者，还是对手，这些标签都只是互联网从球员们身上提取出来的一个切面。
十三 | 因为WNBA持续火热的舆论环境，一个来自赛场的手势，拥有了一段远超比赛本身的生命。但除了这些手势、切面，WNBA球员们值得被记住的其实还有更多，可以是一场表现、一种姿态，也可以是更多立体、鲜活的故事。
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Published on:08:54:37